Diabetes insipidus

From Ganfyd

Diabetes insipidus is the less common form of diabetes. It is caused by a failure in the kidney to resorb water, or a failure by the pituitary to instruct it to do so. Large volumes of dilute urine are passed, leading to dehydration and collapse.

Causes

Can be:

Cranial Diabetes Insipidus

• due to loss of ADH production
• The variety stemming from failure of pituitary release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is controlled by intranasal administration of ADH - nowadays synthetic.

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

• Owing to loss of effect of ADH on collecting ducts which can be caused by several mutations in the receptor and effector protein genes (eg in AQP2 or AVPR2).
• Can be a complication of Conn's syndrome.

Investigation