Fluid balance
From Ganfyd
Contents |
Introduction
Fluid balance when the excellent usual homostatic mechanisms are disturbed by pathology or medical intervention is a core skill in medical care. This is also importantly related to electrolyte balance.
Losses
- Urine
- Faeces
- Insensible losses
Basic Requirements
Healthy Adult
In health,
- sodium ~1-2 mmol/kg/day
- potassium ~1 mmol/kg/day
- water
| Weight | Hourly rate | Daily rate |
| First 10 kg | 4ml/kg/hour | ~100ml/kg/day |
| Second 10 kg | 2ml/kg/hour | ~50ml/kg/day |
| Remaining weight | 1ml/kg/hour | ~25ml/kg/day |
Healthy Child
Special Circumstances
- pyrexia
- peri-operative fluid balance
- liver failure
- heart failure
- renal failure
