National Institutes of Health
From Ganfyd
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the main public health research and service organisation in the United States of America. It has a long history of important contributions to all fields of health research and is equally important as hosting the MEDLINE database which through portals such as PubMed helps to ensure fair distribution worldwide of health related information.
- 1798 Marine Hospital Service (MHS) created
- 1836 Library of the surgeon general of the Army founded
- 1879 Index Medicus established
- 1887 Laboratory created in Marine Hospital Service (MHS) at Stapleton, Staten Island, New York to help identify cholera in immigrants
- 1891 Hygienic Laboratory moved to Washington, D.C
- 1901 Congress votes funding for Hygienic Laboratory
- 1902 Public Health and Marine Hospital Service (PH-MHS) created (from MHS). Biologics Control Act made Hygienic Laboratory regulator of vaccines and antitoxins
- 1912 PH-MHS renamed Public Health Service (PHS)
- 1930 Ransdell Act changed the Hygienic Laboratory to National Institute of Health (NIH)
- 1937 National Cancer Institute (NCI) created
- 1944 NCI designated as part of NIH.
- 1946 NIH gets grants program for all its activities
- 1947 First foreign grants
- 1953 Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center opens on the NIH campus in Bethesda
- 1956 Library of the Surgeon General's Office transferred to PHS
- 1960 Ten component institutes
- 1962 NLM moves to Bethesda
- 1966 MEDLINE database commences
- 1968 National Library of Medicine (NLM) becomes part of NIH. John E. Fogarty International Center commences coordination of international liaison
- 1971 MEDLINE database lauched to world
- 1986 Grateful Med software allows PC access to MEDLINE
- 1990 Human genome project formally founded
- 1996 MEDLINE available with internet interface
- 1997 PubMed lauched
- 1998 27 component institutes
- 2004 Index Medicus discontinued
