Some Human Oncogenes (Only ones definitely associated with human malignancy into this list please, others are found at putative oncogenes)
| Gene Name
| Gene Locus
| Malignancies associated with
| Comments
|
| ABL1 (ABL)
| 9q34.1
| Chronic myeloid leukaemia
| see tyrosine kinase Abelson murine leukaemia protein
|
| ABL2 (ABLL,ARG)
| 1q24-q25
| acute myeloid leukaemia
| Member of the tyrosine kinase family. Important for synapse assembly and remodeling
|
| AKAP13 (HT31, LBC. BRX)
| 15q24-q25
| breast cancer
| Blast crisis oncogene
|
| ARAF1
| Xp11.4-p11.2
| angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia
| Serine/threonine kinase
|
| ARHGEF5 (TIM)
| 7q33-q35
| Breast cancer
| Codes for protein that controls cytoskeletal organization through regulation of small GTP-binding proteins
|
| ATF1
| 12q13
| ATF1/EWS fusion gene associated with malignant melanoma of soft parts (MMSP) ATF1/FUS with histiocytoma.
| Codes for cAMP-dependent transcription factor-1
|
| AXL
| 19q13.1-q13.2
| Chronic myelogenous leukaemia
| transforming gene to acute leukaemia
|
| BCL2
| 18q21.3
| Burkitt lymphoma, follicular lymphoma
| Mediator of apoptosis. Translocation is marker of poorer therapeutic response
|
| BRAF (BRAF1, RAFB1)
| 7q34
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| BRCA1
| 17q21
| Hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Familial Breast cancer, Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum (PSCP), Prostate cancer
| see BRCA1.
|
| BRCA2(FANCD1)
| 13q12.3
| Familial Breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer
| see BRCA2
|
| CBL (CBL2)
| 11q23.3
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| CSF1R (CSF-1, FMS, MCSF)
| 5q33.2-q33.3
| Type M4 acute myeloblastic leukaemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia
| Codes for for colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor, otherwise known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor
|
| DAPK1 (DAPK)
| 9q34.1
| Bladder cancer
| Codes for death-associated protein kinase a positive mediators of apoptosis induced by gamma-interferon.
|
| DEK (D6S231E)
| 6p23
| DEK/NUP214(DEK/CAN) fusion gene associated with acute myeloid leukaemia
| Codes for DNA binding protein involved in transcriptional regulation and signal transduction as a component of the splicing complex that remains associated with spliced exons.
|
| DUSP6 (MKP3,PYST1)
| 12q22-q23
| Non small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer
| Codes for member of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family and has key role in cellular signal transduction
|
| EGF
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| EGFR (ERBB, ERBB1)
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| ERBB3 (HER3)
| 12q13
| Non small cell lung cancer
| elevated ERBB3 mRNA levels in breast cancer
|
| ERG
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| ETS1
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| ETS2
|
| Acute myeloid leukaemia
| Codes for a transcription factor
|
| EWSR1 (EWS, ES, PNE,)
| 22q12
| EWS/ERG in Ewing sarcoma, esthesioneuroblastoma EWS/FEV fusion gene in Ewing sarcoma, EWS/ZNF278 in small round cell sarcoma, EWS/FLI1 in Ewing sarcoma , EWS/ATF1 in malignant melanoma of soft parts(MMSP EWS/WT1 in desmoplastic small round cell tumor
| Ewing sarcoma breakpoint 1 gene
|
| FES (FPS)
| 15q26.1
| B cell lymphoma, acute promyelocytic leukaemia, bladder carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, neuroblastoma, pre-B lymphocyte neoplasm, plasmacytoma, multiple myeloma, T cell lymphoma, sarcoma
| Codes for a tyrosine-specific protein kinase with a role in regulating immune response
|
| FGF4 (HSTF1, KFGF)
| 11q13
| Stomach cancer, kaposi sarcoma
| A fibroblast growth factor Important in limb development.
|
| FGFR1
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| FGFR10P (FOP)
| 6q27
| FGFR1/FGFR1OP2 fusion gene in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
|
|
| FLCN
| 17p11.2
| Renal cancer, bowel cancer
| see FFCN
|
| FOS (c-fos)
| 14q24.3
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| FRAP1
|
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| FUS (TLS)
| 16p11.2
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| HRAS
| 11p15.5
|
| see proto-oncogenes.
|
| GLI1
| 12q13.2-q13.3
| Glioma, myxoid liposarcoma, salivary gland tumor
| Codes for a Kruppel (Kr) zinc finger protein
|
| GLI2
| 2q14
| Glioma
| Codes for a Kruppel (Kr) zinc finger protein
|
| GPC3
| Xq26
| Germ cell cancer, Hepatocellular cancer
| see GPC3
|
| HER2 (ERBB2, TKR1, NEU)
| 17q21.1
| Breast cancer, lung cancer
| see HER2. Targeted by Trastuzumab.
|
| HGF (SF)
| 7q21.1
| Prostate cancer, renal cancer
| Codes for hepatocyte growth factor (hepatopoietin A, scatter factor) which is upregulated in many malignancies
|
| IRF4 (LSIRF, MUM1)
| 6p25-p23
| B-cell lymphoma, B-cell leukaemia, Multiple myeloma
| Codes for a interferon regulatory factor essental for lymphocyte function
|
| JUNB
| 19p13.2
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| KIT(SCFR)
| 4q12
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GISTs), mast cell leukaemia, mastocytosis, seminoma and dysgerminoma
| Transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor for stem cell factor (SCFR) is required for haematopoiesis, melanogenesis and gametogenesis. Mutations cause piebaldism.
|
| KRAS2 (RASK2)
| 12p12.1
|
| see proto-oncogenes.
|
| LCK
| 1p35-p34.3
| Non small cell lung cancer, Neuroblastoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma
| codes for lymphocyte specific protein tyrosine kinase
|
| LCO
| 2q14-q21
| Hepatocellular carcinoma
|
|
| MAP3K8(TPL2, COT, EST)
| 10p11.2
| Ewings sarcoma, adenocarcinoma of lung, thyroid carcinoma
| Codes for a serine-threonine protein kinase.
|
| MCF2 (DBL)
| Xq27
| Breast cancer
| Codes for a GDP-GTP exchange factor that modulates the activity of small GTPases of the Rho family
|
| MDM2
| 12q14.3-q15
| Multiple
| MDM2 acts as a major regulator of the tumor suppressor p53 by targeting its destruction. Direct association of p53 with the protein MDM2 results in ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of p53
|
| MET(HGFR, RCCP2)
| 7q31
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| MLH type genes
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| MMD
| 17q
| Non small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colon carcer
| Codes for monocyte to macrophage differentiation associated protein.
|
| MOS (MSV)
| 8q11
| Burkitt lymphoma, acute myeloblastic leukaemia
| Function in man unknown. Above associations indirect but analogous gene to Moloney murine sarcoma virus.
|
| MRAS (RRAS3)
| 3q22.3
| Activated in many tumors
| Codes for a RAS GTP-binding protein membrane-anchored, intracellular signal transducer
|
| MSH type genes
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| MYB (AMV)
| 6q22
| Alterations found in more than a third of human solid tumour lines
| Encodes for proteins critical to hematopoietic cell proliferation and development
|
| MYC
| 8q24.12-q24.13
| Burkitt lymphoma Over expression in many malignancies, possibly associated with angiogenic, invasive promoting properties in excess.
| A transcription factor that promotes cell proliferation
|
| MYCL1 (LMYC)
| 1p34.3
| Small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinioma of lung, neuroblastoma
|
|
| MYCN
| 2p24.1
| Neuroblastomas
| Overlaps with NMYC and is transcribed from opposite DNA strand
|
| NCOA4 (ELE1, ARA70, PTC3)
| 10q11.2
| Prostate cancer
| Interacts with the androgen receptor in presence of dihydrotestosterone.
|
| NF1 type genes
|
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| NMYC
| 2p24
| Neuroblastomas, retinoblastoma
| Overlaps with MYCN and is transcribed from opposite DNA strand. Probably a DNA-binding protein.
|
| NRAS
| 1p13.2
|
| see proto-oncogenes.
|
| NTRK1 (TRK, TRKA)
| 1q21-q22
|
| see proto-oncogenes.
|
| NUP214 (CAN, D9S46E)
| 9q34.1
| NUP214/DEK fusion gene associated with acute myeloid leukaemia, NUP214/ABL1 associated with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL).
| Codes for nucleoporin component of the vertebrate nuclear pore complex.
|
| OVC
| 9p24
| Ovarian adenocarcinoma
| Abnormal in about 40% ovarian adenocarcinoma
|
| TP53 (P53)
| 17p13.1
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| PALB2
| 16p12
| Breast cancer
| see PALB2
|
| PAX3 (HUP2) STAT1
| 2q35
| Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
| Transcriptions factor, causes some formms of Waardenburg syndrome and regulates RET.
|
| PDGFB (SIS)
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| PIM genes
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| PML (MYL)
| 15q22
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| PMS (PMSL) genes
|
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| PPM1D (WIP1)
| 17q22-q23
| Breast cancer, Osteosarcoma
| Codes for a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that attenuates apoptosis and facilitates transformation of primary cells in cooperation with RAS
|
| PTEN (MMAC1)
| 10q23.31
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| PVT1
| 8q24
| Burkitt lymphoma
|
|
| RAF1 (CRAF)
| 3p25
| Stomach cancer, renal cancer, glioblastoma, laryngeal cancer
| A regulator of endothelial cell survival during angiogenesis. Activated RAF counteracts apoptosis by suppressing the activation of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase (MST2).
|
| RB1 (RB)
| 13q14.1-q14.2
| Retinoblastoma, osteogenic sarcoma, small cell carcinioma of lung, bladder cancer
| see RB1
|
| RET
| 10q11.2
| Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a and 2b and Medullary thyroid carcinoma
| see RET
|
| RRAS2 (TC21)
| 11pter-p15.5
| Teratocarcinoma, ovarian cancer
| Single point mutation activates its oncogene potential
|
| ROS1 (ROS, MCF3)
| 6q22
| Glioblastoma and probably others
| ROS1/FIG fusion protein is a tyrosine kinase found in astrocytoma
|
| SMAD type genes
|
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| SMARCB1 (SNF5, INI1)
| 22q11
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| SMURF1
| 7q21.1-q31.1
| Pancreatic cancer
| Codes for a HECT domain E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates tumor cell plasticity and motility through degradation of RhoA
|
| SRC (AVS)
| 20q12-q13
| hepatic metastatic bowel cancer, colon cancer, leukaemia
| Intracellular communication regulator protein. Mutations are activating, transforming, tumorigenic, and metastasis-promoting
|
| STAT1
| 2q32.2-q32.3
| Non small cell lung cancer
| see STAT1
|
| STAT3
| 17q21
| Epithelial cancers
| Codes signal protein that induces cell transformation through a combined inhibition of apoptosis and cell-cycle activation
|
| STAT5
| 17q11.2
| Permissive for a wide range of malignancies
| Codes signal protein that induces cell transformation through a combined inhibition of apoptosis and cell-cycle activation
|
| TDGF1 (CRGF)
| 3p23-p21
| teratocarcinoma
| Probably codes for signaling protein for mesoderm development
|
| TGFBR2
| 3p22
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| THRA (ERBA, EAR7 etc)
|
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| TFG (TRKT3)
| 3q11-q12
| Papillary thyroid carcinoma
| Chimeric oncogene with NTRK1 proto-oncogene
|
| TIF1 (TRIM24, TIF1A)
| 7q32-q34
| Fusion genes associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma and myleoproliferative disorder.
| Codes for transcriptional intermediary factor 1
|
| TNC (TN, HXB)
| 9q33
| Neurofibromatosis type 1, Pancreatic cancer
| see TNC
|
| TRK
| 1q21-q22
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| TUSC3
| 8p22
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
| USP6 (TRE2)
| 17p13
| Multiple cancers
| Codes for a ubiquitin-specific protease found only in primates
|
| WNT1 (INT1)
| 12q12-q13
|
| see proto-oncogenes
|
| WT1
| 11p13
| Wilms tumour, over expressed in breast and lung cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia
| A zinc finger DNA-binding protein acting as a transcriptional activator or repressor depending on intracellular context
|
| VHL
| 3p26-p25
|
| see tumour suppressors
|
